Getting Smarter through Language
Based on this lesson about modes of organization, identify the mode of organization in each of the following paragraphs:
narrative,descriptive,definition,example/illustration,listing,comparison/contrast,process analysis (steps in a process),division/classification,cause and effect,problem and solution,persuasive (argumentative),chronological order,emphatic order,question and answer.
Some paragraphs may have elements of different modes. Choose the predominant mode of organization.
When you are finished, click “Answer.”
Note. Your answers will not be submitted. When you leave this page, they will be deleted.
PDF Handout
1. Resilience is the capacity of an individual or a system to bounce back, adapt, and recover from adversity, challenges, or significant changes. It is an individual’s ability to withstand and cope with difficult circumstances, such as loss, trauma, or failure, while maintaining mental and emotional stability. Resilience is not about avoiding hardships but rather about facing them with a sense of determination and optimism. It involves developing coping mechanisms and building a support network that can help in times of need. Resilience enables individuals and communities to navigate through and learn from hardships and to thrive in the face of adversity.
Answer
Definition
This main purpose of this paragraph is to define “resilience” to readers. It also explains what resilience is not so that readers have a clear sense of what the writer means by “resilience.”
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2. A hike through this dense, ancient forest reveals tall, majestic trees looming overhead, their branches forming a natural canopy that filters the sunlight. Bird songs and animal calls come from every direction. As you walk along the narrow trail, you come across a small stream flowing gently over smooth stones. A family of deer appears from behind the foliage, gracefully moving through the undergrowth. The immensity of the forest envelops you, and you find yourself overwhelmed by such natural beauty.
Description
This paragraph simply describes what readers would see during a hike through the forest.
3. When going camping, make sure you have all necessary items. A sturdy tent is key so you have adequate shelter. A warm sleeping bag and a reliable flashlight can give you comfort during chilly nights and help you navigate in the dark. A first aid kit is important to handle any emergencies. A water filtration system ensures a safe drinking supply. In addition, do not forget to pack appropriate clothing for various weather conditions, sturdy hiking boots for exploring the surroundings, and a detailed map to guide your adventures.
Listing
You might argue that this is a persuasive paragraph; however, the main mode of organization is listing as it simply lists items you should bring on a camping trip and why.
4. Joining a book club can be a life-changing decision that opens up a world of literary adventures and enriching discussions. By becoming part of a book club, you gain a supportive community of like-minded individuals who share your passion for reading. Engaging in thought-provoking discussions about various books and genres helps broaden your perspective and introduces you to differing viewpoints. Furthermore, book clubs provide an opportunity to read literature you may typically not have chosen to read. Discovering and discussing new types of literary work fosters a deep sense of fulfillment and intellectual growth. Do not make excuses. Immerse yourself in the world of literature by joining a book club. You’ll be amazed at the positive impact it can have on your life.
Persuasive (argumentative)
The writer creates an argument to support the idea that you should join a book club. In other words, the writer’s primary goal is to persuade readers to do something they may be reluctant to do.
5. The prolonged exposure to air pollution has far-reaching consequences on both public health and the environment. High levels of pollutants, such as particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, can lead to respiratory issues, cardiovascular diseases, and increased mortality rates. Such effects are particularly evident in vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly. Moreover, air pollution contributes to climate change. Certain pollutants trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. Higher global temperatures, in turn, are believed to lead to extreme weather events and rising sea levels.
Cause and effect
The writer presents the cause (air pollution) and explains its effects (e.g., respiratory issues, cardiovascular diseases, climate change, and so on).
6. Making a delicious homemade pizza is a rewarding and enjoyable experience. First, gather all the necessary ingredients: pizza dough, tomato sauce, shredded mozzarella cheese, and your favorite toppings. Preheat the oven to around 450°F (230°C). Roll out the dough on a floured surface, shaping it into your desired size and thickness. Next, spread a generous layer of tomato sauce over the dough, leaving a small border around the edges. Sprinkle the shredded mozzarella cheese evenly over the sauce, followed by your chosen toppings. Carefully transfer the pizza onto a baking sheet or a pizza stone and place it in the preheated oven. Bake for 10-15 minutes or until the crust is golden and the cheese is bubbly and slightly browned. Take the pizza out of the oven, let it cool for a minute, and then slice it into wedges. Enjoy.
Process analysis (steps in a process)
The writer explains the steps involved in the process of making a pizza. This is not the same as the chronological order because nothing has really ever happened.
7. Athletes can be broadly classified into three main categories based on their preferred type of physical activity: team sports, individual sports, and combat sports. Team sports (e.g., soccer, basketball, and volleyball) involve coordinated efforts between multiple players to achieve a common goal. Individual sports (e.g., tennis, swimming, and gymnastics) focus on personal performance and achievement. Finally, combat sports (e.g., boxing, martial arts, and wrestling) center on one-on-one competition with a strong emphasis on technique and skill. Each category offers unique challenges and rewards, attracting athletes with different abilities.
Division/classification
The writer classifies athletes into distinct categories (team sports, individual sports, and combat sports) and elaborates on them so that the readers understand what each category entails.
8. In a traditional classroom setting, teachers often have to cater to a diverse group of students with varying learning styles and paces. With the use of technology, however, adaptive learning platforms can tailor the curriculum to students’ individual needs. For example, a student struggling with algebra concepts might be presented with additional practice problems and explanatory videos, while a student who grasps the concepts quickly could move on to more advanced topics. Similarly, a student struggling with a biology lesson may be asked to review the basic concepts needed to understand the more complex concept. The process has many benefits for instructors as well. For instance, rather than spending hours trying to figure out the individual needs of a large number of students, they can let the algorithm do the hard work while they focus on helping students thrive.
Example/illustration
The writer explores the topic, the usefulness of adaptive learning platforms, by providing examples of situations in which they can be used to benefit both students and instructors.
9. Investing in renewable energy sources is not only a wise decision but also an imperative one. With the looming threat of climate change and the finite nature of fossil fuels, transitioning to renewables is essential for our planet’s future. Renewable energy reduces greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. It also fosters innovation, job creation, and energy independence. By embracing sustainable sources, we can pave the way for a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable world for generations to come.
The writer’s main goal is to convince readers that we should invest in renewable energy.
10. The increasing levels of plastic pollution in our oceans have reached a critical point, endangering marine life and ecosystems. To address this pressing issue, governments and industries must collaborate to implement comprehensive plastic waste reduction strategies. This could involve strict regulations on single-use plastics, promoting reusable alternatives, and investing in advanced recycling technologies. Morevove, raising public awareness about the harmful effects of plastic pollution and encouraging individual behavioral changes can contribute to a cleaner and healthier marine environment, ultimately helping restore marine life and prevent the extinction of marine species. Although it may take time to implement these measures, we can mitigate the detrimental impacts of plastic pollution and start seeing results in the near future.
